Current Western NC Orchard Pest Populations Aug 10, 2015
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Collapse ▲We track local insect populations throughout the growing season using a system of traps, temperature-recording devices, and degree-day models. Traps and weather data are checked weekly, with results updated by Tuesday afternoon from April through September. Learn more about southeastern apple pests at the Apple Pest Management page.
Weekly summary
AUGUST 10, 2015
Codling moth: Codling moth remains active in a few locations where populations have been problematic or in orchards with reduced spray programs. However, trap captures remain very low (usually zero) in orchards that have not experienced problems to this point in time.
Oriental Fruit Moth: Oriental fruit moth trap captures continue their gradual increase as we progress through August. In orchards NOT using CM/OFM pheromone dispensers for mating disruption, an application of OFM sprayable pheromone at this time would help to manage late-season OFM. Oftentimes sprayable pheromone provides longer residual control of OFM in August and September than do insecticides.
Apple Maggot: Apple maggot flies remained active this week with a trap capture of 9 flies per trap in an abandoned orchard. Emergence is occurring several weeks later than normal, and there have been reports of flies observed in several locations during the past week. Hence, if not monitoring for this insect one can only assume that a potentially damaging population exists, and an insecticide with activity against apple maggot should be considered.
Tufted Apple Bud Moth: With about 2700 degree-days having accumulated since biofix, second generation egg hatch is not occurring. However, no insecticidal control is necessary in orchards where an insecticide effective against TABM was applied anytime from the last week of May through mid June, because control of the first generation (with either Altacor, Delegate, Intrepid or Rimon) reduces populations to such low levels that control of the second generation is not necessary. The extremely low pheromone trap captures observed at this time further substantiate that insecticidal control is not necessary.
Brown Marmorated Stink Bug: While first generation stink bug adults have been active in the piedmont for several weeks, numbers are now on the rise in mountain areas. Stink bug damage to apples is very similar to calcium-deficiency problems referred to as cork spot or bitter pit. Characteristics that can be used to differentiate the two include:
- Stink bug feeding results in corking immediately below the fruit skin, whereas cork spot damage may have healthy flesh between the skin and necrotic tissue.
- Stink bug damage is usually uniform in shape, while cork spot is irregular.
- Surface depressions due to stink bug feeding damage are generally circular with a gradual slope into the feeding depression, and depressions are often clustered and accompanied by a puncture mark where the stink bug inserted its stylet. Cork spot is characterized by a more abrupt surface depression. The “puncture” is not readily seen on the surface of the fruit, but there is often the presence of a cone shaped discoloration into the fruit.
Average Weekly Trap Captures*
HENDERSON COUNTY | |||
Insects per trap | |||
July 27 |
Aug 3 |
Aug 10 |
|
Codling Moth |
9.0 | 13.7 | 11.0 |
Oriental Fruit Moth |
5.3 | 7.0 | 8.5 |
Tufted Apple Bud Moth | 2.0 | 3.5 | 3.0 |
Redbanded Leafroller | 0.0 | 2.5 | 1.5 |
Obliquebanded Leafroller | 0.5 | 2.0 | 1.0 |
Lesser Appleworm | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.0 |
Apple Maggot | 0.5 | 4.0 | 4.5 |
Brown Marmorated Stink Bug | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 |
Spotted Tentiform Leafminer | 0.0 | 18.0 | 18.0 |
Dogwood Borer | 26.0 | 40.0 | 17.0 |
Peachtree Borer | 41.0 | 52.0 | 30.5 |
Lesser Peachtree Borer | 7.0 | 25.0 | 28.5 |
San Jose Scale | 2015.0 | 367.5 | 325.0 |
*Note that averages presented here are intended only to illustrate the timing of insect emergence and fluctuations in population activity, and not as general indicators of population levels. Some orchards included in these averages have significantly higher or lower populations than most commercial orchards in the area, resulting in averages that are sometimes skewed from what is typical. The only way to have an accurate assessment of an individual orchard’s populations is to set up traps in that orchard.
Accumulated Degree Days
Henderson County | ||||
Biofix | July 27 |
Aug 3 |
Aug 10 |
|
Codling Moth | April 23 | 1840 | 2014 | 2184 |
Oriental Fruit Moth | Apr 6 | 2518 | 2734 | 2936 |
Tufted Apple Bud Moth | April 23 | 2258 | 2474 | 2676 |
About degree-day models:The degree day (DD) models predict adult emergence and egg hatch of each generation. They do not predict the intensity of populations, which can be assessed by using pheromone traps. Hence, the models should be used to help gauge the time period when control is most likely needed, and pheromone traps provide information on the need for and frequency of insecticide applications. For full details, read “IPM Practices for Selected Pests” in the Orchard Management Guide. |
CODLING MOTH:
|
ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH:
|
TUFTED APPLE BUD MOTH:
|